Dreams Of A Black Shadow

Exhibition on Digital Preservation: The project of the Spanish Film Library Municipal Archives

First, locate the project in the context of the Program Guidelines

Patrimonio.es: www.cervantes.es/uimp2005/presentaciones / Ana_Nistal.ppt

What is this project of the English Film Library? The program is the digitization and creation of high-quality copies of selected materials. STATUS



The situation of Film Archives to technological development
no alternative but to support scanning. All tasks are carried out and
in digital environment: information, duplicates for consultation
restoration of sound and image, storage of new materials, content generation ...
It is also true
the challenge facing a new product, unlike anything hitherto known and
much more complex.


The English Film Library, file as the historical and cultural content
tank raised the need to address the systematic
digitization of their collections, for what is developing a phased plan. The
first phase consisted of a pilot project, conducted jointly with red.es.



WHY THE NEED FOR THE PROJECT?

film libraries documents on file are considered
cultural heritage, historical, artistic and documentary of the first order.

To manage collections of documents, digital technologies offer new possibilities
storage
conservation and public access, and above all, the possibility, previously unthinkable, to relate to each other. The majority of the Film Library
are clear about the need to digitize their
graphics, sound, text, or film, in a first stage connected to conservation more
recovery that some have taken a step further and are considering
the possibility of allowing network access, requiring barriers
save as complex as those generated by copyright.
A few, like the English Film Library, are working on projects that
facilitate navigation between their databases as a means of providing the fullest possible information
the easiest way.

DIFFICULTIES:

The most important difficulty: The variety of media funds have film libraries: nitrates,
pulp, paper, vinyl, tiles, glass plates .... With all that this entails. It is an expensive process and, moreover, once transformed into other formats, within a period of 10 years may have problems if this format and has been replaced by another.


PROJECT OBJECTIVES

For the purpose, first we must bear in mind that the digital file will not replace the original, but both coexist. For what purposes Film Archive prepares to tackle the project?: (3)


1) The scanning can store many documents in very little space and keep
original condition.

2) The new electronic media, with increasingly lower costs, facilitate the control of unstable and fragile materials, to enable the creation and duplicate copies of high quality.

3) The digital files are the only ones that allow simultaneous access by many users, both onsite and remote.


The first part of the project red.es in the English Film
was carried out with the ultimate aim of safeguarding and protecting the
English cinema before 1953, whose original support is fragile and difficult to conservation. Why? Because it is material of interest
priority campaigns
Film preservation, both documentary and artistic value as for its conservation and
problems involving multiple types of documentary films and non film:
documentaries, fiction, news , advertising, etc.


aspects of the process:

• Get high-resolution digital files of film materials and film
not to check its quality and add to the archive.

• Analyze the data model that will provide you with information
reliable, standardized and easily accessible.

• Provide the network through an ad hoc site, copies of the files in lower and middle grades
ensuring consultation with scientific,
educational, cultural and leisure activities.

• Make a start value that includes a search engine and guided tours
.


Delimitation of the universe to digitize

This is important, bearing in mind that not everything can be digitized, there will, therefore, that limit.

The intention of English Film
is the research, preservation and dissemination of the history of English cinema. No
However, the enormous mass of documents likely to digitization and
shortage of resources, undertake to establish a system of preferences based on the following criteria
:

• intrinsic features

1) Nationality, 2) relevance, 3) Relevance ,
4) Consistency with
collections and functions of the Film, 5) Request for consultation
, 6) Current and 7) Timeliness. • Features extrinsic



1) Quality, 2) Condition,
3) Multiple formats 4) Dimensions

Because the number of movies available at the bottom of the Film Archive, the project he said to films made between the period from 1896 (first footage of the operator of the Lumiere brothers) to 1953 (the year in which nitrate disappears international support). Based on these considerations, we carried out the selection of materials is as follows:

1) fiction films between 1896 and 1917 :

electrical Hotel (Second Chomón, 1908).

Fantasie / Fantasy Lunar (Second Chomón, 1909). Don Juan Tenorio

(and Ricardo Alberto Marro Bath, 1910).

Carmen or daughter of a smuggler (Alberto Marro and Ramón de Baños,
1911).

2) silent films, documentaries and 1896-1931


Barcelona by tram (Ricardo de Baños, 1908).

[Madrid in 1910]

murder and burial of Don José de Canalejas (Adelard Fernández Arias,
1912). Alternative Joselito

in Seville (Enrique Blanco, 1912).

3) Feature Films 1918-1931/32

Don Juan Tenorio (Ricardo de Baños, 1922).

The white gypsy (Harlequins in silk and gold) (Ricardo Bath, 1923).

The Revoltosa (Florian Rey, 1924).

The black man who had a white soul (Benito Perojo, 1926). Route

glorious (Fernando Delgado, 1925).


4) Feature Films 1931-1936

Who loves me? (José Luis Sáenz de Heredia, 1936).

5) and Short Stories

Prints 1918-1936 English: Salamanca (Leopoldo Alonso, 1929).

The wonderful cures of Dr. Xerxes (Nemesio M. Sobrevila, 1929).

Hurdes, country legend (Armando Pou, 1922).

Hurdes (Luis Buñuel, 1933).


6) Civil War: 1936-1939. The central issue is the war itself because of the social impact of such an event occurred. Defense

Madrid (Part II) (Angel Villatoro, 1937).

An announcement and five letters (Jardiel Enrique Ponce and Luis Marquina, 1938).


6) 1939-1953 films
shadows
Life (Lorenzo Llobet Gracia, 1948).

7) Short (1939-1953)

Verbena (Edgar Neville, 1941).

Balele (Manuel Hernández Sanjuán, 1946).

Tiff in a café (Fructuoso Gelabert, 1952).

8) First footage shot in Spain by the operator of the Lumiere brothers (1896) English Views

(Alexandre Promio, 1896).

English Fleet Visit to Barcelona (Fructuoso Gelabert, 1901)

9) The transition from silent to sound

1929-1932 Address by His Excellency. Mr. Marquis de Estella (Feliciano M.
Chee, 1928).

10) 1948-1954 Photocolor Film

Rumbo (Ramón Torrado, 1949).

Cante Hondo (Edgar Neville, 1952). No-Do

1943-1981
An important collection which, although ideologically
intentionally portrays 40 years of custom and practice in Spain.
have been selected following materials:-Do not
inside. Newsletter No. 105A (1945). It has been selected
No 105A (01/01/1945) because it includes
the article "Do not" inside: Biography of a Newsletter
"which sets out in less than 6 minutes
ideals and inner workings of the news.

11) Family Film

[family Scenes: Family Urgoiti] (1930).

[family Scenes: 1926-1937] (1926).

12) Movies amateur

Under the Sign of the shadows (Ferrán Alberich, 1984).

13) Animation Film


Don Eduardo does not understand the hints (1917).

Francisca, the femme fatale (Ricardo Garcia K-Hito, 1934) and in the halls of Congress
(Ricardo Garcia K-Hito, 1933).. "

Scanning Process

1) Examined material: The material is passed through a coil to make a preliminary report of the state in which it is and the work to be performed on it, marking each point where action is needed.

2) Cleaning: Each roll of film is meticulously clean manually removing dirt, grease, dust, etc. using products such as perchlorate and alcohol applied with cotton buds. After the cleaning
are placed "tails" to the tape and pieces of film in a special consistency for the protection of the coil so that it can go through these steps without damage.

3) Repair: We measured the contraction of the film, both longitudinal and cross-checked the timing of the film, there are no missing frames and repair any damage as possible, splices poorly performed, misframing, derailments, scratches, cracks, etc.. It was also chosen the correct sequences, or in better condition, if more than one original.
In extreme cases it carries out the digital reconstruction of a scene or a sequence, digitizing the film frame by frame, and treating each with specialized programs "shooting" then the digital sequence (that is, a move from computer to film) and joins the group. This increases considerably the process.

4) Copy movie using Optical Printer: If the movie is very poor, previously made a copy film to film by a team called Optical Printer. This is a projector and a movie camera attached, used to make a copy of "Movie to movie."


SCANNING TECHNIQUES USED

telecine was chosen, which is in the process of transfer of film to videotape to give high quality at reasonable costs.

material for the film: telecine was chosen, which is in the process of transfer of film to videotape to give high quality at reasonable costs.



Conclusions

The digitization of cultural heritage is a necessity. The distribution and conservation prospects in the medium term pass
digitize libraries. If institutions
not take the initiative in this campaign, will lose the opportunity to be present in the
virtual community, which is and will increasingly, the information pool
world's largest. So far, the most valuable features of digital cultural heritage are
accessibility and hypertext, very soon, so will the contents
.

Keep in mind that the development of digital environments are both a threat and an opportunity to
film libraries, while custodians and
dissemination of film archives. If a portion of electronic documents
offer tools that can accommodate up yet unknown, its complexity makes it difficult to standardize
technical processes. In addition, the
perfecting this kind of documents support the need exceeds
and therefore lead to the disappearance of the files as warehouses
documentaries. Only ensures the future survival of
information managers, able to identify user needs and to recover the piece
documentary where you are, be it tangible or virtual. Cinematheques be without limitations.

Experiences with the pilot can address the stages of scanning and cataloging
vision and reclaim the role that corresponds
English cinema in the history of cinema. The digitization project of the English Film
is a pioneer in Spain in its category, but not the only
in the field of film archives. Other initiatives
adjacent to it within the FIAF and in which the active Film,
among which worth mentioning for their relevance, Project FIRST ..
The English Film Library will not lose the opportunity that is offered in these
time, because it is ready to respond, because
may have a role of leadership in the digital audiovisual world and European and Latin American
mainly because, in all probability no other. And
expected to be also a reference point for similar projects.



Results:

The project also addresses the integration of documentation and a description of the digitization process and generation of derivatives, according to the specifications of the Guidelines for Digitization Patrimonio.es program. In this project we have managed reporting standards such as Dublin Core metadata initiative, Video, METS, MARC and information models of the English Film.
Because of its pilot project, the result is the digitization of a selection materials and analysis of digital technologies, formats and issues relating to the documentation of assets.

Links:

presevación Charter on Digital Heritage UNESCO: http://portal0.unesco.org/es/ev . php-URL_ID = 17721 & URL_DO = DO_PRINTPAGE & URL_SECTION = 201.html

Cornell Tutorial: http://www.library.cornell.edu/preservation/tutorial-spanish/contents.html

About Dublin core: http://es.dublincore.org/


onto VIDEO: http://www.vide.net/workgroups/videoaccess/vaphase1.shtml
About

METS: http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/


MARC: http://staffweb.library.northwestern.edu/dl/metadata/standardsinventory/marcsummary.html


Project Film Archive online: http://www.artium.org/biblioteca/Filmoteca.pdf


Heritage Website: http://patrimonio.red.es/

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Visit the website of the City of Madrid ( http://www.munimadrid.es/ ): The visit to the web is somewhat complicated, because the content is diverse and the distribution of the rather chaotic. Surprising thing since this is the website of the City of the capital of Spain.

file access is not easy to find, since there is no shortcut, but it is accessed through the internal link "leisure and culture." From there, you have access to four files: the file of the Royal Palace, the historical archive of protocols, the regional archives and documentary information center files. We should add that some are external links.

surprising how poor is access to the archives of the Villa. There is no electronic access to archival holdings. Review found only historical information, the classification scheme used, description tools such as inventory and rate, the rules for access to their funds and anything else that deserves to be mentioned. There are references

further description of the rules, only information on how funds are organized.

As for telematic procedures can be obtained duplicate certificates if we have original signature (issued by the Mint and Bell), with a hint that in the future may make further arrangements.

Visit the website of the City Council Arganda del Rey ( http://archivo.ayto-arganda.es/archivo/default.intro.asp ) The visit to this site has nothing to do with that Madrid. The navigation is very simple, the menus are clear and then lead into what you want to see.

There is a link that leads directly to the "Archive of the city." Yes it has historical collections available through the network, and some documents are scanned, although some only described. It also has an online catalog for easy access to documents.

A very important aspect to note is that the description of the funds is from the ISAD (G) of archival description.

As for telematic procedures, saying that the actions you can perform are limited. There is a link to a bank where you can make payments through the network.

Visit the website of the City of Barcelona ( www.bcn.es ). The default page is in Catalan, but you can select for it to be seen in Castilian (though within it there are pages that are only in Catalan).

file access is not direct but is quite simple, from "The City" then you can click on "Culture" and here we will link to the corresponding municipal archives. Includes: Archives of the City of Barcelona, \u200b\u200bthe Administrative Municipal Archives, the network of district county archives, which constitute the Municipal Archive of Barcelona, \u200b\u200band records management of the municipal offices.
There is also information on the system used: AIDA (Integrated Management of Documents and Archives).

As for telematic procedures, many of which can be done from the web, only that they are in Catalan, I imagine that will be designed only for Catalonia. The drawback is that it leaves aside the English-speaking citizens access to City Hall. But otherwise is a very well done.

Finally, we analyze the visit to the website of the Municipality of Gerona ( http://www.ajuntament.gi/web/ ) The page is very well done but the first problem we encounter is Catalan is no possibility of changing the language as it did with the Barcelona City Council website.

is easy access to local file from the "Gateway to the city". The type of document appears in various media such as audiovisual, maps, graphics, sound and text. The file is divided into Administrative Record and Historical Archive. Electronic access to your funds is possible through the "Consultation of funds." Additionally, consultation can be carried out according to three criteria: Funds (classified by area of \u200b\u200bproduction, name of producer, general and Class Theme of documents), Documents (Free text, subject classification, buy online, etc) and Newspaper Library .

The services offered are: Document Management Service, the Municipal Archives itself, Municipal Service publications, the Library and the Newspaper, and the service image processing and storage.
There is a possibility also of telematic procedures. To do this we must obtain a PIN, which will get going in person to the Office of Information and Citizen of the City.

As a last thing to note, the standards used are the ISAD (G).

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The two items to discuss are similar in content, while Eduardo Peis Redondo extends the concept analysis and forecasts for the future and it is also more dense reading the first articles. We next discuss two separate studies.

"Administration and management of electronic files" Carlos Alberto Zapata


The main theme of the paper is the modification and expansion into new media management information due to technology, and how the organization should be archival amended in the treatment of electronic files.

With the use of electronic media, information has grown. It has gone from managing paper documents to text unilineal multilinear, where multimedia information is handled and multilinear.

An important concept which states is the "hypertext organization" means the organization as an information system composed of many nuclei and information repositories interconnected. What does this mean? That information depends on the characteristics of the administrative system. The example illustrates the text is as follows: The file was based on traditional paper document, and ordered to universally accepted principles. In the hypertext file is less clear where it ends the document as it contains hyperlinks that we move to other documents and is not so defined the document as such.

The electronic document is four components: content, structure, context and presentation. These elements are what distinguish it from a database.
Moreover, the article points out the importance of how it has affected the electronic document filing as a discipline. The document has resulted in a number of implications for archivists, systems engineers, lawyers, etc.. For example, the increase in the volume of documents produced by organizations, absence of political documentaries.

also have changed the concepts, such as file, series, subseries, etc. Thing, on the other hand, that seems obvious, and that expanding the technology to both the traditional field already existed, necessarily have changed the concepts. The traditional will not do on many occasions for which they seek to define in the information area in which we live.

has been set, then a different kind of archival organization. One important thing that the article's author points out is that to avoid the loss of hundreds of thousands of data and information valuable to humanity, it is necessary to set a model for electronic records management. This would be characterized by the use of standards, guidelines and manuals, etc.. You must also have policies. And they must ensure document integrity, protecting risks against unauthorized access, loss, sabotage, etc.

conclusion, then, is the archive that seems to have more work for the above. At least that is the feeling to be drawn from reading the article. Although progress has been made on the subject, it seems that the archive is still much to do, given the speed with which operates the electronic world.

"Archiving" electronic records
Eduardo Peis Redondo

first thing Peis Redondo says in the article is that the traditional workplace has been altered, due to computing power and the ability to produce documents. The transformation occurs in both working methods and in the form of the document. Therefore, the principles of archival and records management needs to be evaluated and possibly revised. This was the awareness that was adopted by the phenomenon. As shown, this problem is already mentioned in the previous article of Carlos Alberto Zapata.

The problem is: Methodologies for paper documents can be effective in the world of electronic documents? Some think it needs a new foundation and theoretical justification, ie a new "archival paradigm." Others, however, think that the methods traditional archival still have great value for the electronic document management. The questions deal with the problem, therefore, are:
What is a document in the electronic environment?. How
identify and assess records archivists?
What documentation must include a record to be sure and authentic?.
What is a document management system in an electronic environment?. How
manage these records system? How
keep archivists and records managers unalterable electronic records as long as necessary? How
remain in force records in an electronic environment?. How
manage the access and physical custody of electronic records?.
What is the role of archivists / records managers in the environment for information technology?.

Archivists said Peis Redondo, are trying to create a conceptual model of registry to allow the description and identification of a record (although we can not represent it as a physical object). The record would be different from other types of documentation on file. The characteristics of the records are: 1) On the one hand, reflect business processes or individual activities. 2) Additionally, records provide evidence of such transactions or activities.

strategies for managing electronic records are described in two basic models: the life cycle model and the record continuum. Is currently questioning the suitability of the life cycle model for managing electronic documents. This model describes what happens to a document and who will manage the document at each stage (the documents go through several stages, which divide the responsibilities on them. Furthermore, it distinguishes between the role of archivist and records manager's role .) There are, however, who do not accept this model for documents electronic and propose an alternative model, the record continuum model. It considers the management of documents as a continuous process from the moment of creation. Archivists and records managers are no longer separated in their functions but are actively involved in all points, the integration of these responsibilities is fundamental here.

From our point of view, both models have their advantages but while the life cycle model provides a strong separation between archivist and records manager, the record continuum model allows more the concept of teamwork, with all benefits and efforts to save it.

After the study of such models, the author proceeds to examine the value of the records and the implications this has with the electronic document. The values \u200b\u200busually considered as primary and secondary. For the assessment in terms of secondary value is necessary to analyze the content. The problem is that in the modern world there is plenty of information and electronic documents also exist as logical entities rather than physical, so that archivists can not focus on the assessment by content. It has been decided in such cases for the functional assessment, which would examine the function, activity or transaction that generates the document instead of document itself. This would provide more reliable and comprehensive information.

Metadata is also an important issue. In the paper records, metadata, context, content and structure are included or are part of the document. However, in the electronic context, may or may not physically associated. Research in this area is directed towards the identification of metadata for electronic records management, so that they can be considered as such. What types or categories of metadata should be captured? The basic categories of metadata that should capture and retain the systems, by agreement, is information about those involved in the creation, reception and transmission of the document, the date of receipt and the relationship of the record with specific business processes and related documents. In addition, most of the metadata specifications include information about the content and structure of the document and the context of its creation.

On the other hand, states the Peis Redondo different digital preservation strategies discussed. Bearman
proposed to create museums of obsolete hardware and software. But this project is of doubtful viability and possibly expensive and difficult.
Another strategy is the conversion to standard formats. The preferred formats currently being built on the basis of meta as SGML or XML. The idea is to store digital objects within a file, but evolve the technology used to manage files. As an idea is good but, obviously, should take into account the costs and feasibility of the project on the future, to make a more objective examination of the issue.
Emulation: What is? In executing the original software emulation of future computers. The problem I see here is that a project is too experimental, and may prove to be a project too expensive.
Migration is responsible for attempting to preserve authentic records. Is considered perhaps the best hope for the future. As with the previous ones, should study the project's profitability in each case.
In our humble opinion, of all, perhaps the conversion to standard formats should be appropriate and in the future can develop more easily, but evolve as the technology used to manage files by using metalanguages \u200b\u200bcould always access the files.

regard to the custody of the records, Peis Redondo says it is the establishment of policies and procedures to ensure that regardless of where they are stored the records will be managed in accordance with well-established rules. ----------------------------------------------



--------------------------------------------------

In conclusion, therefore, we see in both studies it is clear that the general concepts from the fields of archives need to be adjusted to the unstoppable increase in automated environments and electronic records. This is seen as a challenge that requires methodologies, strategies and techniques than those that already existed. Although we have seen how there are advocates who claim that traditional methods can be applied to electronic documents.

But it is true that we must move from the conceptual. In a document where we have links to other documents, and from them to others, and so on, where do you begin and where does the document? The traditional methodology is not useful for these cases.

is evident, then, items that needs to be done, although we've just begun. This is the feeling that remains after reading the studies, and that consensus is needed for management strategies for electronic records. For example, still has not developed a core set of metadata standards, as Peis Redondo. This is because the number of proposals and opinions that exist to the subject matter.